When were the crusades

When were the crusades There have been as a minimum 8 Crusades. The First Crusade lasted from 1096 to . The Second Crusade commenced in  and resulted in . The Third Crusade commenced in 1189 and turned into concluded in

Who have been the leaders of the Crusades?

The Crusades have been prepared through western European Christians after centuries of Muslim wars of enlargement. Their number one targets have been to forestall the enlargement of Muslim states, to reclaim for Christianity the Holy Land withinside the Middle East, and to recapture territories that had previously been Christian. Many members additionally believed that venture what they noticed as holy conflict turned into a method of redemption and a manner of attaining expiation of sins.

By The Editors of Encyclopaedia Britannica

The First Crusade turned into led through Raymond of Saint-Gilles, Godrey of Bouillon, Hugh of Vermandois, Bohemond of Otranto, and Robert of Flanders, and the People`s Crusade accompanied Peter the Hermit. The Second Crusade turned into headed through King Louis VII of France and Emperor

Conrad III of Germany. Leaders of the Third Crusade covered the Holy Roman emperor Frederick Barbarossa, Phillip II Augustus of France, and specifically Richard I (Richard the Lionheart) of England. Various French noblemen answered to Pope Innocent III`s name for the Fourth Crusade.

The squaddies of the Fifth Crusade accompanied Andrew II of Hungary and the French matter John of Brienne, titular king of Jerusalem. The Holy Roman emperor Frederick II led the Sixth Crusade, and King Louis IX of France (St. Louis) led the remaining Crusades.

Were the Crusades a hit?

The First Crusade, known as in reaction to a request for assist from the Byzantine emperor Alexius Comnenus, turned into astonishingly a hit. The Crusaders conquered Nicaea (in Turkey) and Antioch after which went directly to capture Jerusalem, and that they set up a string of Crusader-dominated states.

However, after the Muslim chief Zangī captured one in all them, the Second Crusade, known as in reaction, turned into defeated at Dorylaeum (close to Nicaea) and failed in an try to triumph over Damascus.

The Third Crusade, known as after the sultan Saladin conquered the Crusader kingdom of Jerusalem, resulted withinside the seize of Cyprus and the a hit siege of Acre (now in Israel), and Richard I`s forces defeated the ones of Saladin on the Battle of Arsūf and at Jaffa. Richard signed a peace treaty with Saladin permitting Christians get entry to to Jerusalem.

The Fourth Crusade—in preference to attacking Egypt, then the centre of Muslim energy—sacked the Byzantine Christian town of Constantinople. None of the subsequent Crusades have been a hit. The seize of Acre in 1291 through the Māmluk sultan al-Ashraf Khalil marked the give up of Crusader rule withinside the Middle East.

Were there lasting outcomes from the Crusades?

The Crusades slowed the development of Islamic energy and might have averted western Europe from falling below Muslim suzerainty. The Crusader states prolonged change with the Muslim international

bringing new tastes and ingredients to Europe. The Crusades had a marked effect at the improvement of Western ancient literature, bringing a plethora of chronicles and eyewitness accounts. However, Constantinople in no way lower back to its former glory after being sacked

through the Fourth Crusade, and the schism among Eastern and Roman Catholic Christianity turned into whendidrelease similarly entrenched. The Islamic international noticed the Crusaders as merciless invaders, which helped engender mistrust and resentment towards the Christian international. When were the crusades